Industry report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Industry report - Research Paper Example While the concerted push by the UAE government towards these targets is quite new, initiatives for local employee preference were first started in 1994 by Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan. Since then there has been increasing need for and interest in the exploration of the subject, and the government recognized the field as part of the national agenda for 2009 allocating a large part of the developmental budget to it. The scope and importance of the industry. Until a few years ago by far the largest part of the make-up of Emiratisation drive used to come solely from direct governmental action. However because of the strategic approach to Emiratisation since 2008, the secondary routes to the objective are starting to take hold and private and public corporate entities now govern about half of the initiatives of Emiratisation (Al-Ali 365). As an industry Emiratisation programmes have now spread across a plethora of industrial sectors with the leading sectors for Emiratisation being po rts and shipping, oil production, banking and teaching. The target company of this project, DP World, comes from the ports and shipping industry. While the private companies are now starting to induct Emiratis as part of their Emiratisation schemes the huge majority of related schemes still lie with the public sector. The Industry is vital to the central long-term target of UAE administration which is post-oil and non-trade economic stability of the country. In this regard it is imperative that the government takes steps, much like the Saudi administration (Mashood et al.) to cause a cultural change in society and work out as a nation to transcend from a population of ‘takers-to-makers’. While the industry could also serve as a launching pad for the government for exporting indigenous talent to all over the globe after specialization of the training machinery, it will inevitably be hard for the state to entice non-governmental organisations and for-profit corporations i nto inducting untrained and under-qualified staff as that would adversely affect the productivity of the companies. Objectives and scope of this report. The report covers all the major aspects of the industry in an overall qualitative fashion. This report is intended to serve as an insight to the atmosphere, magnitude and nature of the industry in which the target company of this project, DP World, operates. The utmost specific objective of this report is the enlightenment of the reader and the researcher with regards to the stability, progress and spread of the Emiratisation sector. The researcher should know about the characteristic trends of the industry, factors affecting it and its impact on the local, national and global scales. Special emphasis is paid on the economic and employment impact of the progress of the Emiratisation sector with support for the analysis using interpretation of statistical data. Methods Brief description. The methods for carrying out the investigation are both primary and secondary research; however no quantitative data has been collected using the primary approach. In terms of the primary research, government officials were contacted via email and phone to describe

A Retrospect of the Hong Kong Handover Essay Example for Free

A Retrospect of the Hong Kong Handover Essay Slide 2 Hong Kong’s handover to the Chinese government after 150 years of British colonial rule is a major historical event My paper analyzes whether or not China handled Hong Kong well 10 years after the Handover occurred. It also aims to look at the changes that have taken place since the Handover, and how they have affected the situation in Hong Kong. Important questions regarding this issue are:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After 10 years, did China handle Hong Kong well?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Has China fulfilled its promise to maintain Hong Kongs status quo as a leader in Asian economy?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Have the policies and changes that the Handover has brought been beneficial to the people of Hong Kong? My position is that China did a good job in the sense that they did not do harm to Hong Kong and was able to preserve the liberal economic and political spirit of the place. My conclusions are based on the following parameters: One, the economic situation of the territory, and two, the political situation of the territory. Slide 3 Background of the Issue Why was the Handover a source of anxiety to Hong Kong citizens?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Hong Kong way of life is different than that of Mainland Chinas   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   China is under a Communist System while Hong Kong adopts a free market economy The Impact of the Hong Kong handover can be brought to light with the following facts: Geography Hong Kong is a small piece of coastal island below Mainland China. Its strategic location made it an important port for the trading of goods and is regarded as an ideal base for military and tactical operations. When it comes to its economy, Hong Kong is a force to contend with. Hong Kong: Is one the modern world’s most important financial hubs Enjoys one of the world’s highest gross domestic products Provides jobs to millions in Mainland China as well as in neighboring countries Slide 4 Aftermath of the Handover Accounts of life in Hong Kong right after the Handover were promising. Generally, it was â€Å"life as usual†. The general consensus is that the Handover did not cause the major political and economic upheavals that many feared it would. While there was a slowing down in the economy, it was not at the level expected. The changes were milder and subtler than expected The reaction of the business community to the Handover reflects the reaction of the locals: Businesses were able to ride the change without much difficulty. Multinational companies based in Hong Kong have been loyal, and were able to transcend political upheavals. Slide 5 The most important policies implemented after the Handover included â€Å"One country, two policies† and â€Å"Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong†. China also increased public spending and reduced tax. These policies have allowed Hong Kong’s Special Administrative Region (SAR) government a free hand to implement decisions with respect to Hong Kong’s political and economic environment. Such a moves also proved to be effective because it kept businesses in Hong Kong. Hong Kong’s Performance under China’s rule has been on the large part, successful. The following are evidence of China’s good handling of the Hong Kong Handover: Hong Kong was one of the least affected during the Asian economic depressions Hong Kong was one of the first to bounce back from the depression. Hong Kong survived the health problems of SARS, bird flu and mad cow disease.

The effects of flood damage on everyday life

The effects of flood damage on everyday life Flood is usually an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land and the inflow of tide onto land. Floods are the most frequent and costly natural hazards, causing almost 90 percent of all the damage related to natural disasters. Floods usually cause large-scale loss of human life and wide spread damage to properties. This damage is known as flood damage. Unimaginable damage will be caused to agriculture, thereby affecting the United States planning and this will upset its financial budgeting, thereby slowing down the economy as a whole. The effects of flood damage can be categorized into three types, namely, primary, secondary and tertiary. The primary effects of flood damage include physical damages like damage to bridges, cars, buildings, sewer systems, roadways, and even casualties like people and livestock death due to drowning. The primary effect of floods is due to direct contact with the flood waters. The velocity of water tends to be high in floods and consequently, discharge increases as velocity increases. Because of excess rainfall, the rivers and streams flow with higher velocities wherein they are able to transport larger particles like rocks as suspended load. Such large particles include not only rocks and sediment but during a flood it could also include large objects such as automobiles, houses and bridges. Massive amounts of erosion during the floods can undermine bridge structures, levees, and buildings causing their collapse. During floods, water will also enter human built structures causing water damage. The flood damage to houses include ruining of furniture, damage to the floors and walls of the house and damage to any other item that comes in contact with the water. Automobiles on the roads get stranded in the floods and they get carried away by the flood waters or water enters into the automobile, which results in damage that cannot be easily repaired. The flood water carries sediment as suspended load. As the flood waters recede, the sediments get deposited and things and structures including the interior of buildings usually get covered with a thick layer of stream-deposited mud. Farmlands affected by floods face a huge loss as they usually result in crop loss. Livestock, pets, and other animals are often carried away by the strong currents of the flood water. Humans who get caught in the high velocity flood waters often get drowned. Among the secondary effects of flood damage are the disruption of many essential services like gas and electricity. Flood damage also includes the contamination of the drinking water supply, if sewage treatment plants are flooded. This poses a greater threat because this may result in disease and other health hazards, especially in under developed countries. The public transportation systems may also be disrupted during floods, resulting in shortages of food and other supplies. Tertiary effects of flood damage are generally long-term effects like the location of river channels that may change because of flooding; fewer new channels will develop, leaving the old channels dry. Farmlands with crops get destroyed by the sediment deposition caused by the floods. People may not be able to make it to their workplace due to disruption of services. The floods may also result in destruction of wildlife habitat. Although floods have some advantages, if we look at it in a broader perspective we can conclude that largely, floods cause havoc to life and property of mankind. By following various preventive measures the effects of flood damage can be reduced to a great extent.

Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet - Insanity and Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet and Insanity  Ã‚   The following five paragraphs will cover the point of: What is insainity? How does Hamlet tie in with insainity? What or who is the cause of insainity? While I try to overcome these questions to tackle the true answers, you will be thinking and deciding for yourself if Hamlet is "insane" or not. What does insainity? The Webster's New World Dictionary--Third College Edition defines it as "mentally ill or deranged; demented; mad; senseless." My defintion is not as cruel as the dictionary's definition. My opinion of someone that is insane is they don't necessarily have all of their marbles. The definition in the dictionary kind of explains my definition which is someone that is not paying close attention to those around them. The way people just throw the word insane aroud makes it seem as if it's not a real sickness. But the thing is that people don't realize that it's not something they should joke about. About three or four years ago, there was a song that was titled "Sane" and in one part they said, "...you're insane, got no brain..." So this little line in the song is also part of the true meaning of insainity. Is Hamlet crazy? I personally don't feel that Hamlet is crazy. I think that because the Queen didn't want to face her past with her first "true" husband, she labelled Hamlet as someone that is "mentally ill, or mad." When we had the discussion of what do we think about the topic of your parents paid one of your friends to talk to you to see if you're okay, I think we also covered some good points to defend both sides of the arguement. On one hand people were saying that what the Queen did was wrong because she shouldn't have someone to talk to her son but that she should do it for herself. And on the other side of the arguement, people were saying that they would talk to their friend for the parent but not if they were going to get paid. I don't think that Hamlet is crazy, I feel that he just needed to get his thoughts to gether because he was still trying to comprehend that fact that his mother got married to his uncle and she didn't even seem to care about what he felt. What is the cause of someone being insane or who?

Rationalist Vs. Romantics Essay

Writers during the Revolution were classified as either positivist or romantic. but whether they were classified as positivist or romantic depended on their manner of composing. Positivist and romantic writers wrote smiliarly utilizing the same techniques. but they besides were different from each other. A positivist writer during this clip period was Patrick Henry. In the Virginia Convention of 1775. Henry stood up and gave a address. Its topic was about Independence that they need from Great Britain. Henry believe that â€Å"No adult male thinks more extremely than I do of the patriotidsm. every bit good as the abilites. of the really worthy gentlemen who have merely addressed the House† ( 1. 1 ) . Henry is stating that their nationalism is the feeling they need so they can interrupt away from England. One of the sentence structure that Henry uses is an Anaphora. Henry repeats the word battle twice in the 4th paragraph. and correspondence is besides used in the transition. In the 4th parapraph. the writer uses period sentence. â€Å"If we wish to be free-if we mean to continue inviolate those incomputable privileges for which we have been so long contending-if we mean non meanly to abandon the baronial battle in which we have been so long engaged. and which we have pledged ourselves ne'er to abandon until glorious object of our contest shall be obtained. we must contend! I repeat it. sir. we must contend! An entreaty to weaponries and to the God of Hosts is all that is left of us† ( 4. 22 ) . Rhetorical schemes are what Henry uses to do his address more effectual. Arguementation is used throughout paragraph 4. by inquiring rhetorical inquiries such as â€Å"Shall we gather strength by indecision and inaction† ( 5. 6 ) . Appastion is used in paragraph 6 with â€Å"Gentlemen may shout peace. peace-but there is no peace ( 6. 2 ) . A romantic writer of this clip period was Ralph Waldo Emerson’s From Nature. Emerson uses figures of address such as imagination. He says. â€Å"But every dark come out these minister plenipotentiaries of beauty. and light the existence with their admonishing smile† ( 1. 8 ) . Another illustration of imagination is. â€Å"The flowers. the animate beings. the mountains. reflected al the wisdome of his best hr. as muchas they had delighted the simpleness of his childhood† ( 2. 5 ) . A similie was a figure of address in paragraph 4. â€Å"In the forests excessively. a adult male casts off his old ages. as the bite his gangrene. and at what period soever of life. is ever a child† ( 4. 14 ) . Cause and consequence was used in Emerson’s transition ; â€Å"Then. there is a sort of disdain of the landscape felt by him who has merely lost by decease a beloved friend† ( 7. 6 ) . Both of the writers have similarities between the manners of authorship. They both contained the syntax elements to do their address and transition powerful. They were both considered to be Rebels. because of their actions towards regulations and or Torahs. The difference between these writers. is the fact that Henry was really passionate about nationalism and how America needs to contend Britain to be free from their regulation. Emerson writes about nature and how nature is beautiful. and relates to adult male. Emerson wasnt involved with any of the rationalist actions against the British. In Conclusion. Henry and Emerson manners of composing were similar anddifferent. Those both contained cardinal elements of literature. while they used different words and phrases.

General Musharraf and Engineered Democracy essays

General Musharraf and Engineered Democracy essays President Musharraf and Engineered Democracy "To announce that there must be no criticism of the president, or that we are to stand by the president right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American public." The period of the Musharraf regime in terms of the political scenario was clearly articulated by The International Crisis Group (ICG) that said that President Pervez Musharraf has been unilaterally instituting political and constitutional changes intended to ensure that generals retain the real power after the Oct 10 elections. In a latest report titled "Pakistan: Democracy needed not more military rule", the highly-reputed international group has noted that the Musharraf government is following the pattern of the country's previous military rulers of carrying out constitutional changes intended to ensure that "the generals retain the real power and any democratic transition falters before it begins." I believe that to get things going their way, the Musharraf government had started playing its cards from the very beginning. Probably, they realized that the international community was not going to stand a military regime in a country of geo-strategic importance for an extended period of time. Musharraf had to plan early, plan well and in the process stay well ahead of his adversaries. After the military coup, General Musharraf sent out a clear message to all by proclaiming himself as the Chief Executive of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan that he was clearly in control, and was here to stay. He started with suspending the 1973 constitution and promulgating the PCO. The judiciary was made to re-take the oath under the PCO, and Justice Irshad Hassan Khan was made the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, following the refusal of the senior judges of the Supreme Court, including Chief Justice Ajmal Mian, to retake the oath under the PCO. By installing the Chief Justic...

Dear Cecelia Essay

Dear Cecelia Essay Dear Cecelia Essay Letter to My future daughter Cecelia May 2013 Dearest Cecelia, The world you are in is a very dark place, it is full of War, deception, poverty, racism, and it lacks a caring Government. Some of these issues we have been facing for hundreds of years. I think by far the worst issue we have to face is ongoing racism, not just against other people but also to your own kind. Sweetheart, people in this world are going to have hatred towards you , not just because your girl, but also because your skin color. There are some crazy people in this world babygirl, the kinds of people who shoot up movie theatres full of innocent people, people who go from building to building on a college campus stabbing people. Who kill innocent little school kids like your siblings. I can’t help but imagine it’s going to be like in your time . My one hope is that this generation that’s full of instant gratification, otherwise known as the â€Å"me† generation is over, or that its at the tail end. I have many concerns for you, and growing up in this world I’ve been describing, one of the biggest concerns for you is racism. Some people might try to make you feel guilty for slavery, amongst other things. Being that you are part white, and part black, I fear you will get harassed worse than your father and I did. Another concern I have for your generation has to do with your schooling and the things you’re taught. I pray that you are told the truth from a young age. And lastly, I’m scared that all the jobs will be taken. I can only pray that, the job market has jobs available to you after you graduate. Cecelia when I think of your generation I think of a beautiful world, where we aren’t in debt. Where our precious home, Earth isn’t falling apart. Everyone recycles and donates to charities, but a world where don’t need charities, because everyone is taken care of. Everyone can afford the basic necessities like food, a car, healthcare. I see a world where our technology is moving at a reasonable pace, not as fast as it is now. I can imagine a government who honors their commitments to THE people. No war, hippie status as some will call it. Gay marriage, and pot smoking – both legal activities. Monsanto completely gone. No GMO’s, no big PHARMA companies. But alas we live in a world where change takes a long time, just look at when I grew up for example; Racism was a big part of my upbringing. Most people didn’t know it but yes I was harassed because I’m white. Called every name in the book, from Indian killer to slave owner to buffalo killer. Anything you could say, ive heard it. I used to apologize for the things of the past. Then someone said â€Å"you should not be held

Ethical Movie Review essays

Ethical Movie Review essays Become an employee of this firm, you will make your first million within three years. These words were spoken by one of the main characters in the movie Boiler Room. This man was ecstatic because of all of the wealth that he created by pulling the metaphorical stock market wool over his clients eyes. In Boiler Room many aspects of ethical and unethical business are both directly and indirectly depicted. In the movie the company J.T. Marlin that most of the main characters worked for was based on cheating the public. The proceeding paragraphs will expand upon, in detail how this company was based upon money over morals and the dilemma the main character was faced with when he discovered the illegal operation. The company was far from Wall Street. This company was ran as a high class firm. It was an illegal operation selling fake stock for large profits. In some ways it was a monopoly because it was the only business that is selling the stocks in Pharotech. J.T. Marlin brought in youth with no experience and then trained them to sell stock. The new employees started as trainees and after they passed their required series 7 exam they were promoted to Jr. brokers. After opening forty accounts they were promoted once again to Sr. brokers. When they become a Sr. broker they established their own accounts and begin making profits for themselves. They made large percentages or rips on each share they sold. They were trained to lie and to tell the customer what they wanted to hear. J.T. Marlin received lists of people called leads who were somewhat affluent. The trainees or Jr. brokers called these leads and offered stock in a fake medical drug or product. They started having the customers buy small amounts of stock which would not have much risk attached. They would keep selling the stock to increase the price to create profit for the stockowners. In turn, creating desire for them to ...

Business, Government, and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business, Government, and Society - Essay Example This paper seeks to describe the recently launched use of enzymatic cleantech-based approach and how the technological platform will help reduce the impact of activities that humankind carry out on the environment. Recently, a biotech company, Richcore Lifesciences released an enzymatic platform that aims to facilitate the use of clean technology in the pharmaceutical industry (Vijay 1). Commonly referred to as Ecosol, the new technological development will work to significantly reduce pollution that has been continuously associated with the effluents from pharmaceutical producing industrial units. Pharmaceutical companies normally incur significant costs in ensuring that they treat their water with trestle. In this regard, the new technology, Ecosol will save these companies over 25 percent of costs incurred in treating water using the trestle. Further, since the new technology is consumable it can easily be slotted in the process of treating waste water carried in any of the given pharmaceutical industries (Vijay 1). However, the management of these pharmaceuticals must ensure that the waste water does not contain heavy metals and fluorides since these will inhibit and/or stop enzymatic reactions (Vijay 1). The Ecosol is primarily intended for the use in the pharmaceutical industry all over the world. However, it is important to note that the companies seeking to utilize the product should deploy the necessary technologically supporting equipments and channels if only they want to achieve the needful high enzymatic reactions in their production units. This will enable the company to achieve an efficient process that significantly cost effective and highly reduces the impact of human kind on the natural environment (Burtis, Esptein and Parker 37). Additionally, the companies must invest in a Greenfield manufacturing facility that is compliant to the necessary enzymatic reactions expected in the pharmaceutical producing units. This will enable the company produ ce enzymes with significantly high value but which do not consume greater volumes. Such enzymes could also be used in manufacturing bio pharmaceuticals and the related processes involving bio transformation (Vijay 1). This new technological solution seeks to adapt several compliant features that will facilitate its application on the global market place. Such compliant issues include attaining significant patents in the related areas such as those relating to the management of waste water, design of manufacturing processes and the energy production and improvement of ethanol use in providing energy and stimulating pharmaceutical reactions as has been the case in many pharmaceutical industries for several ages now. In this regard, the clean technology product will be useful all across the globe but with focus on the pharmaceutical industry. This endeavor mainly seeks to nourish the players in the pharmaceutical industry with sufficient and efficient platform to save costs, reduce pol lution since it does not require additional heavy capital expenditure and does not work to cannibalize prevailing technologies (Burtis, Esptein and Parker 53). Therefore, it practically fits in the category of clean technology products and services. Social entrepreneurial venture Business creations with social orientations have been part of

Questionaire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Questionaire - Essay Example of the world, but then, many articles and reports provide the fact that big countries like USA, do not have a public insurance for majority of their people. In reality there comes uncountable advertisements and news regarding the several insurance companies and policies for health care, but those who need to get benefit does not really get it in majority. This shows that the administration has some drawbacks or to be more precise only a partial action has been taken by the authorities. The talk concerning how to reduce the expenditure for health care among the individual and the group under the health care services provided by public and private authority still continues. There has been a lot of development seen in the field of computers and wireless technology. The system of wireless health care services helps a lot in reducing the expenses to some extent by making arrangements such as fixing the Appointment for the patients, reminding the dates by sending SMS, and these gradually reduces the cost of medical expenses. The provisions of certain Health Care software, and the availability of Health Care consultants, Health Care Service Providers, help a lot in reducing the expenditure for he patients. The health insurance also helps a lot during emergency times. Though the premium rates have to be given in correct time, the effect of the insurance seems to be really worth during more expenses. The health care is usually financed by public and private authority in general. For example the â€Å"Medicare† and the â€Å"Medicaid† set to meet the health care expenses for the aged and the poor respectively. The process of Universal Health Care system which is funded by the tax revenue has two way payment system â€Å"single-payer† and â€Å"multi-payer†. The single payer is government run organization, which acts as the payer and it saves money. The multi-payer system runs with the joint venture of the public as well as private sectors as payer. introduced by the

Can social psychology save humanity Discuss Essay

Can social psychology save humanity Discuss - Essay Example Myers also points how â€Å"materialism† and â€Å"consumerist culture† can never provide lasting peace for its pursuers. Myers asserts that material affluence can at best give a temporary surge of happiness. What would give lasting happiness are the following - loving close relationships, adherence to a religious faith, a positive outlook, a stress-free work environment, etc. In effect, a low consumption, non-materialistic way of life could fetch more happiness for the individual and the group. The theory is backed by plenty of statistic. Several surveys have shown that married people are happier than those who are single; more church-goers find inner harmony than non-believers; those involved in community activities find more satisfaction than the rest (Yang, Kleinman, et al., 2007). It is important to recognize the current prevalence of misery and distress across the globe. Statistics show that the financially well-off are only marginally happier than their poorer compatriots. It means that additional wealth that is not essential for survival provides disproportionately low value. The recent decades had seen an increase in the cases of depression and suicide. While societies are getting more affluent, the distribution of wealth remains highly uneven. For example, the gap between the rich and poorer sections of society is wider than ever before. The percentage of people living in poverty had not changed much. Life-threatening epidemics such as malaria and AIDS are rampant in the third world. Teenage suicide rates are at an all time high. Violent crimes have not abated despite legislation to curb them. A large chunk of humanity does not even have access to basic amenities like clean water, electricity and telephone facility. All of the above conditions paint a da rk and discouraging picture of the present human condition. But all is not lost.

The Distinction Between Leadership and Management Assignment

The Distinction Between Leadership and Management - Assignment Example Leadership inspires while management directs people and manages work (Marquis, 2012). Leadership is also focused on vision while management is set achieving an articulated objectives (Kotterman, 2006). Leaders and managers also differ in their behaviors. A leader relies more on his or her charisma to have followers. Managers on the other hand relies more on formal authority. A leader is also transformational in his or her approach meaning his or her leadership makes followers better. Managers on the other hand are transactional which means that they rely on reward system to motivate their subordinates (Denehy, 2008). Both qualities however are needed in an organization to realize its objectives. Leadership provides the vision, the animated spirit that makes an organization thrive. Management on the other hand translates leadership into concrete objectives that should be achieved in quantifiable terms. Both qualities are needed for an organization to be successful. Merely relying on leadership or management alone is inadequate. They are however not mutually exclusive and both qualities and behavior can be had and practiced by an individual. Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2012). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams &

Shakespeare othello Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Shakespeare othello - Research Paper Example Along with it, the play also encapsulates perspective which can be judged from myriad social cone. The feminist and the racist approach to the play amid them is the most prominent. Thesis Statement The play â€Å"Othello† by Shakespeare captivates myriad themes like, jealousy, love, revenge and betrayal. All these themes are incorporated in the play which helps it to move forward and reveal the subtle bent of human psychology, which the playwright wishes to project through various characters and their interaction with the other characters in the play. This essay intends to explore the manifestation of these themes through the symbols, characters and motifs of the play throughout its plot. Myriad Themes Captivated within the Multi-layered Plot of the Play Despite being a tragedy, the importance and influence of the play â€Å"Othello† in the history of the English theatre cannot be undermined at all. The theme of love in the play is manifested through the love of Othello for Desdemona whom he treats as the extension of his own self. Desdemona is treated by Othello as an object of romantic passion with a feeling of exaltation. The destruction of Desdemona is actually treated as self-destruction for Othello. And the murder of Desdemona is viewed as a prelude to his self-killing. Iago, in such situation, can be viewed as an object of temptation that is persuading Othello relentlessly to view and regard himself from a perspective of Venice. Gradual provocation compelled him to accept the fact that he is an alien to the Venetian society and the lady of his love, who is an embodiment of that Venetian culture, also treats him alien. Othello desired for an ideal beauty and ideal love which he found in Desdemona. Desdemona, on the other hand, is incarnation of pure spiritual love and embodiment of ideal beauty. She is not the icon of love but the reason for love in others. It is under the influence of Iago with his tainted mind, Othello started viewing his beloved as a threat and her sexuality started becoming unbearable for him. Othello under the spell of his frailty mind gradually moves away from the platform on which the sensual and spiritual love were harmonised. Slowly Desdemona’s erotic beauty became an eye-sore for him and her devotion and love seemed â€Å"proof† of infidelity. The failure of Othello to harmonize the two aims of love leads him to encounter a fear and loathe of secularity which puts him into an aura encapsulated by physical frailty and extreme dependence on Desdemona. The horror and pity displayed by Othello transcends every spectacle of love and takes him to a paradigm far beyond the complete and noble concept of love undermined by a filthy and self-hatred state of mind. Even the failure of Othello as a romantic lover does not end with the bodily collapse of Desdemona. It is only the destruction of the symbol of life by the lover. And even after the murder of his beloved, the experience of love c ontinues. This is the reason as even after Desdemona perishes, Othello is posited in a â€Å"full possession of this heavenly sight† reflected from the sight of his dead beloved. Theme of Jealousy â€Å"Othello† is a play that explores sexual jealousy at myriad levels of its plot. The seat of jealousy evolves in the play from the outset of the play; the audiences are encountered with Iago. Iago

Psychiatry and Mental Illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Psychiatry and Mental Illness - Essay Example According to the report findings  the very definition of a specialist infers that the individual has an in-depth understanding of what particular aspects of medical knowledge. The underlying reason for specialists existing in the first place has do with their ability to quickly understand the roots of a particular issue and seeks to address it in a timely manner. Whereas it is true that medical science of the past century was oftentimes constrained with regard to technological shortcomings, one of the main reasons for why disease was oftentimes misdiagnosed or under-diagnosed and do with the fact that the existence of specialists was significantly lower as compared to the current time.As the paper declares  the role of the specialists, whether a psychiatrist or another type of medical specialists, is not able to be earned unless the individual graduates medical school and spends a particularly long period of time interning and performing a residency within a specific field. Furth er, additional requirements oftentimes demand that on-the-job training exist for a period of years after a doctor completes these prior aspects of the medical training.  A further reason behind why psychiatrists should have a monopoly on treating mental illness has to do with the fact that these individuals already know which questions to ask.  Another rationale that must be considered is with reference to the multiplicity of different pharmacological drugs that currently exists.

The Distinction Between Leadership and Management Assignment

The Distinction Between Leadership and Management - Assignment Example Leadership inspires while management directs people and manages work (Marquis, 2012). Leadership is also focused on vision while management is set achieving an articulated objectives (Kotterman, 2006). Leaders and managers also differ in their behaviors. A leader relies more on his or her charisma to have followers. Managers on the other hand relies more on formal authority. A leader is also transformational in his or her approach meaning his or her leadership makes followers better. Managers on the other hand are transactional which means that they rely on reward system to motivate their subordinates (Denehy, 2008). Both qualities however are needed in an organization to realize its objectives. Leadership provides the vision, the animated spirit that makes an organization thrive. Management on the other hand translates leadership into concrete objectives that should be achieved in quantifiable terms. Both qualities are needed for an organization to be successful. Merely relying on leadership or management alone is inadequate. They are however not mutually exclusive and both qualities and behavior can be had and practiced by an individual. Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2012). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams &

Psychiatry and Mental Illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Psychiatry and Mental Illness - Essay Example According to the report findings  the very definition of a specialist infers that the individual has an in-depth understanding of what particular aspects of medical knowledge. The underlying reason for specialists existing in the first place has do with their ability to quickly understand the roots of a particular issue and seeks to address it in a timely manner. Whereas it is true that medical science of the past century was oftentimes constrained with regard to technological shortcomings, one of the main reasons for why disease was oftentimes misdiagnosed or under-diagnosed and do with the fact that the existence of specialists was significantly lower as compared to the current time.As the paper declares  the role of the specialists, whether a psychiatrist or another type of medical specialists, is not able to be earned unless the individual graduates medical school and spends a particularly long period of time interning and performing a residency within a specific field. Furth er, additional requirements oftentimes demand that on-the-job training exist for a period of years after a doctor completes these prior aspects of the medical training.  A further reason behind why psychiatrists should have a monopoly on treating mental illness has to do with the fact that these individuals already know which questions to ask.  Another rationale that must be considered is with reference to the multiplicity of different pharmacological drugs that currently exists.

Developing management skills Essay Example for Free

Developing management skills Essay By reading the Southfield Case, one can quickly realize that there is definitely lack of direct communication and goal expectations between both Mark Sanders, Vp of account services and Frank Belby, Reginald manager. I believe, there was a lack of supportive communication between Mark and Frank since in the case it was mentioned that Belby viewed professional guidance from Sanders as threatening and it usually caused Belby to distance himself from Frank, which it negatively resulted production. Based on the reading of chapter four of Developing Management Skills, there is a fine line between coaching and counseling and it is extremely challenging for managers to effectively perform both and in the same time make sure that they are not directly ignoring the other persons feelings and confidence. When Frank needed professional advice or when professional criticism was required, instead he mostly got coaching instead of counseling, which resulted in the distance relationship between them, which frank interpreted as a criticism attack on his character. Furthermore, we also learn that in one incident Mark had intervened in a problematic situation between Frank and one of his customers and was able to save that clients contract. By not allowing Frank to resolve the situation, Mark is stretching his duties far too thin and does not allow other employees to delegate effectively, which results in low productivity over all. Based on chapter four readings, the best relationships are based on congruence, which one cannot really find between Mark and Frank’s relationship. Frank is not being clear about his expectations from Mark. It was mentioned in the case that Frank didn’t get the promotion partially because he never directly communicated to frank that he wanted the promotion.

Side Effects of Computer Addiction

Side Effects of Computer Addiction Computer Addiction: Side Effects and Possible Solutions Since 1979 when the first microcomputer started coming to the United States and Great Britain there has been a very extensive growth in the areas of computers and drugs. The simultaneity of these two occurrences and the scales of peoples involvement with computers gave way to emergence of the term ‘computer addiction in the early 1980s. The word ‘addiction stands to emphasize the seriousness of the problem and implies the possibility of drastic consequences that computer mania might have. In the current paper we will explore the problem of computer addiction with the emphasis made on its bad effects and possible solutions that might be offered to reduce them to minimum or, if possible, to get rid of computer addiction at all. Our claim is that computer addiction exists, humanity needs to be extremely cautious of its bad effects and it has to work out appropriate treatment to help computer dependent people to solve their problems. The reality of modern life is such that personal computers and Internet access have been proliferating across the world. Everyday activities at home, work, and school are increasingly dependent upon computers. Computers are used to organize data, word process documents, send e-mails, and search for new information via the Internet. Between 9 and 15 million people use the Internet daily, and it is estimated that every 3 months the rate of use increases by 25% (Cooper 181). Through Internet computer becomes a useful tool for communication. No one would deny the importance of computer in modern life and the importance of Internet, in particular, but their properties that promote addictive behaviors and in case of Internet pseudo-intimate interpersonal relationships should not be neglected. Cyberspace that computers and Internet create may result in cyber disorders such as virtual relationships that evolve into online marital infidelity or online sexually compulsive behaviors. An increa sing mental health concern, cyber disorders such as Internet addiction disorder (IAD), also known as pathologic Internet use (PIU) have been identified to diagnose serious issues related to Internet use (Young Rogers 25). The side effects of Internet addiction will be discussed below, whereas at the beginning the general considerations as for the term ‘computer addiction are offered. In the doctoral research concerned with computer dependency Margaret Shotton suggests that the term ‘computer addiction should not be used merely concerning the relatively small proportion of computer users who become intensive computer devotees, but, instead, it should stand to denote ‘the state of being given to a habit or pursuit (Shotton 7). The researcher defines a computer dependent person as a hobbyist, ‘a person devoted to a hobby (sometimes used with a connotation of crankiness), where hobby denotes ‘a favorite occupation pursued merely for amusement or an individual pursuit to which a person is devoted out of proportion to its real importance (Shotton 7). One of the values of Shottons research is that the author conducts investigation that proves existence of computer dependency through obtaining the facts of this existence from a number of sources, namely, existing literature on the problem, the authors of the literature and other psychologists, computer studies teachers, and professional care agencies. Personal contact was made with people who worked with computers and average computer users. They all showed belief in the occurrence of the syndrome of computer dependency. Though the respondents did not consider the syndrome to be a widespread problem believing that it affected only a few individuals among the vast number of computer users but the research still confirmed the existence of the syndrome of computer dependency (Shotton 20). Dr. Maressa Hecht Orzack, the founder and coordinator of the Computer Addiction Service, singles out psychological and physical symptoms of computer addiction. Psychological symptoms are: Having a sense of well-being or euphoria while at the computer; Inability to stop the activity; Craving more and more time at the computer; Neglect of family and friends; Feeling empty, depressed, and irritable when not at the computer; Lying to employers and family about activities; Problems with family and friends (Orzack 2003). Physical symptoms are: Carpal tunnel syndrome; Dry eyes; Migraine headaches; Backaches; Eating irregularities like skipping meals; Failure to attend to personal hygiene; Sleep disturbances, change in sleep pattern (Orzack 2003). Coming back to Shottons experiment with studying the side effects of computer addiction we should say that all these symptoms were observed with the interviewees. Though most of the dependents did not want to admit their addiction some did admit that they experienced negative effects from their activities. Some interviewees spoke of the negative effects that their computer addiction had on their employment. One person admitted that in the past he had spent time playing with the computer while he was at work. But the addiction disappeared when he bought his own home microcomputer upon which he had unrestricted access to program as he wished. Another interviewee admitted that it was difficult for him to concentrate at work, instead of handling the problems that appeared he found himself puzzling over computer problems which he could explore only while at home. This turned out to be especially problematic when he was cycling home from work as not once he had nearly ridden into parked ve hicles. The third interviewee spoke of the problems that occurred because of a poor match between his skills and those demanded by his bosses. He was responsible for management activity and could not perform it well because he spent a lot of his working time directly with the computer instead of working with people. What is important is that a lot of interviewees appeared to be reluctant to change their job positions just to remain in the posts that presupposed the frequent use of computers. If, on the contrary, promotion implied more time at computing interviewees spent more hours at work that caused in their intercourse with friends and families. Students of different age admitted that their academic performance suffered because of their devotion to computing. ‘My school work suffers, ‘It was an impediment to my degree, I should have been reading books, ‘It detracts from my schoolwork, ‘I did very poorly at university in the first two years it was detrimental to my coursework and I nearly got thrown out for hacking into the universitys Prime system were the most common answers of those who realized that they were achieving lower standards academically (Shotton 212). But along with these statements the students showed their certainty about the fact that they were more likely to find jobs related to computing than to the spheres they were prepared for at their educational establishments, due to constant work at computer they felt confident in this sphere. As it was mentioned above social lives of computer addicts are also affected. Computers take much of the dependents free time and, as a result, less time is spent communicating with others. Moreover, different misunderstanding appears on the basis of absence of the common interest to computing in case friends and members of the family do not share the interest in computers. Many respondents from Shottons research admitted that they found computing an escape from social interaction: they found it stressful in the past and computer enabled them to get rid of the undesired communication. Working on computer was a common excuse in case the dependants did not want to attend various social activities. Computer mania affected most of all those addicts who were married as they spent less time with their spouses and children. Domestic disharmony, problems in sexual relationships these were the commonest negative effects of computer addiction on a family scale (Shotton 213). Other side effects include those that computers have on the personalities of the dependents. People addicted to computers tend to be more intolerant and impatient with others. Computer becomes a sort of refuge from the real life for them and they become more reserved and restrained. Sometimes a computer dependent person loses interest in the world around and does not even care of ones personal happiness, this person sees computer as the only ‘creature in the world that can understand him or her. The negative physical effects that computer addiction can cause include restlessness, sleeplessness, tension, headache and backache. If computer dependents suffer from some disease the disease worsens while constant working on computer. As far as the problem of computer addiction is concerned Internet addiction deserves especial consideration. Different terms are used to denote this kind of computer addiction: pathological Internet use or problematic Internet use. An Internet addicted person loses the ability to control ones use of the Internet. This lack of control causes marked distress and/or functional impairment (Shapira et al. 270). The addiction may go along with depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder or alcohol and drug addiction. The most obvious symptoms of Internet addiction include social isolation, family discord, divorce, academic failure, job loss, and debt (Young et al. 475). Other symptoms are: neglecting responsibilities, feelings of depression, tension, anger when Internet is not accessible, a need for better computer programs, etc. There are five Internet-related issues that Internet addiction is composed of: cybersexual addiction, cyber relationship addiction, net compulsions, information overload, and addiction to interactive computer games (Young et al. 476). Side effects of Internet addiction of any type are the same as the ones of computer addiction in general. It influences negatively relationship within families, the members of which believe that they mean nothing to their relative as he or she spends hours sitting in front of the computer. Internet addiction might bring serious financial problems as the habit does not only require some financial provision but it leads to neglecting responsibilities by the dependent that, in turn, may lead to loose of job due to poor performance. Treatment options to computer addiction include: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. It is based on Becks (1976) theory that thoughts determine feelings. The theory encourages the dependent to recognize thoughts and feelings causing him/her to inappropriately use the computer to meet personal needs (Orzack, 1999 15). This is achieved through the following stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, maintenance, and termination. In the first stage the dependent does not recognize the problem that he or she has and, therefore, does not want to change anything. Thus, the therapists task at this stage is to help the patient understand that the problem exists and help him/her realize the necessity of solving it. In the second stage the individual recognizes the need for change but still does not have a substantial desire to change something. In the preparation stage, the individual is ready to establish a plan to address the problem. The dependent person realizes that he or she needs to establish control over computer use by setting time limits. The person seeks for other activities that can be done when the urge to use the computer exists. The maintenance stage begins when the dependent learns to control ones computer use. The goal of this phase is to prevent relapse. The final stage, termination, occurs when the individual has no more desire to overuse the computer. During the treatment the therapists task is to support the dependent in every stage encouraging his or her entering another stage (Wieland 153). Psychopharmacology. It is aimed at treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other anxiety disorders that computer addiction goes along with. Addictions Treatment and Self-Help Groups. The treatment is organized by special addiction services like the Center for Online Addiction, the Institute for Addiction Recovery at Proctor Hospital in Peoria, the Computer Addiction Services at McLean Hospital in Belmont, The National Council on Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity, etc. Solutions to computer addition may include keeping oneself busy by involvement into work irrelevant to the work of computer. Hobbies become of much importance when there is a desire to get rid or computer dependency. Psychotherapy, marital counseling, addition counseling, parent counseling, social skills training are among the solutions available. Though they are applicable depending on this or that particular case, the use of them in complex is also rather beneficial for the dependent if appropriately organized and controlled. Thus, the paper defined computer and Internet addiction, showed their side effects and offered the most effective ways of solving the problem. Though the solutions proposed are rather helpful, it is a computer users responsibility not to become a computer addict. Personal control over the use of control is required not to become a compute/Internet addict. Works Cited Cooper, A. 1999, ‘Sexuality and the Internet: Surfing into the new millennium, CyberPsychology and Behavior, no. 1, pp. 181-187. Lamberg, L. 1999, ‘Computers enter mainstream psychiatry, Journal of the American Medical Association, no. 278, pp. 799-801. Orzack, M. 1999, ‘How to recognize and treat computer addictions, Directions, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 13-20. Orzack, M. H. 2003, ‘Computer addiction services, Available at: http://www.computeraddiction.com Shapira, N. et al. 2000, ‘Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic Internet use, Journal of Affective Disorders, no. 57, pp. 267-272. Shotton, M. A. 1989, Computer Addiction? A Study of Computer Dependency, London, Taylor Francis. Wieland, D. M. 2005, ‘Computer addiction: Implications for nursing psychotherapy practice, Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, vol. 41, no. 4, p. 153. Young, K. 1998, Caught in the Net, New York, Wiley. Young, K. et al. 1999, ‘Cyber disorders: The mental health concern for the new millennium, CyberPsychology and Behavior, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 475-479. Young, K., Rogers, R. 1998, ‘The relationship between depression and Internet addiction, CyberPsychology and Behavior, vol.1, no. 1, pp. 25-28.

Immigration Policy :: essays research papers

American Immigration Policy Immigration has held a major role in shaping our country. Immigrants have provided many things such as customs, manufacturing, inventions, and entertainment. Many people today don't realize how greatly we have been affected by immigration. A survey was given to ten people. The survey contained a list of people who were all immigrants. When asked how many actually were, only one person got the question right. Old Immigration occurred between 1840-1890. Immigrants during this time period came from countries such as Ireland, Germany, and Scandinavian countries (Norway, Denmark, Sweden, and Finland). Next came the period of New Immigration. These newcomers came from Italy, Russia, Poland, Lithuania, Greece, Austria, etc., most of whom were peasants who couldn't speak English. The people who migrated during the period of Old Immigration disliked these aliens because it meant lower wages for themselves and the new immigrants had greater advantages including poor and political machines. These people also were not willing to adapt to American ways of life, created their own little towns that resemble their homeland. They were treated as outcasts. New Immigration ended with World War I when the immigrant boats were being sunk. Immigration is still continuing today. Current Immigration includes people from Latin America, the Philippines, and Asia. Laws regarding immigration are constantly changing to fit the needs of society. In 1854, the Know-Nothing Party declared the need for strict limits on Immigration. Members of this party felt it was necessary that immigrants must be residents of the United States for 21 years before being granted citizenship. The campaign ended in 1860 during the time of the Civil War due to the demand of immigrants needed to enlist in the Union Army. Ten years later, the Naturalization Act is passed. This states that only "white persons and persons of African descent, " are able to become citizens. This excludes all Asians. This trend continues for several decades. In 1921, Congress decides to pass immigration restrictions, first establishing a quota of 350,000 immigrants. The quota is increased as times change. In 1995, it was passed that the total number of legal immigrants allowed to enter the United States be limited to 650, 000 a year. Immigrants were given visas, which allowed them to come to this country. Visas were distributed for family and employment-based immigrants, and persons from "adversely affected" countries. Strict regulations have also been made due to the large amount of people entering the country illegally. The nation is on the right track.

New Wave of Internet Technology and the Effects on off-line Relationshi

Abstract There is a new place for exploration in regards to relationships; traditionally we meet people on the street, at bars or by other friends. However, since the vast expansion of Internet users, there have risen new ways of interacting and communicating with others. There are places on line that are specifically made to meet people in different context and environments. Some of these areas include instant message engines, chat rooms, and different other Internet based companies, which provide these services. Along with these new technological advances, as with many other things, there are negative outcomes. There has been research done on how these new ways of communication may cause turmoil to a relationships, through the idea of ~{!0~}Internet Infidelity,~{!1~} Internet infidelity is defined by Shaw, ~{!0~}as taking the sexual energy of any sort thoughts, feelings, and behaviors out side a committed sexual relationship in such a way that it damages the relationship, and then pretendin g that that this drain in energy will affect neither partner or the relationship as long as it remains undercover. (p. 29)~{!1~} Some individuals discount these acts of interactions on line as ~{!0~}non-real,~{!1~} therefore not constituting them as cheating; but through my research and my qualitative inquiries, I have found that ~{!0~}cyber cheating~{!1~} may and has caused dire consequences in relationships. Introduction There has always been a concern about cheating with in relationships. However, the risk seems to have increase with the advances of new technologies, such as the Internet and the services it provides in regards to meeting people. The Internet now offers many opportunities to meet people on-line through services such as on-line personal ads, chat rooms, and instant messenger systems. It is reported that, ~{!0~}national averages indicate that families have wholeheartedly adopted the computer and the Internet access into their homes in relatively short time. The exponential growth of Internet access at home raises questions regarding how Internet sexuality influences couples sexual relationship and sexual satisfaction~{!-~}(Gonya, 2004, p. 386)~{!1~} These new technologies have provided individuals in relationships the opportunity to venture in to a new way of what would be considered ~{!0~}internet infidelity.~{!1~} The reason people get trapped into ... ...relationships, when in a real physical relationship will damage the relationship that is that is not cybernetic. However, I suggest more research to be in this new area of infidelity, in order to give a stronger base to its substitutability. References and Works Cited M. Castro. 2005, May. 21. (Personal Interview, May 21, 2005) Gonya, J. 2004. Internet Sexuality: Clinical Implications for Couples. American Journal of Family Therapy. Vol. 32, Issue 5 P.375 Gwinnell, E., 1998. Online Seduction and Falling in Love with Strangers on the Internet. New York: Kodansha America, Inc. p. 88-121. Leiblum, S. R. 1997. Sex and the Net. Clinical Implications. Journal of Sex education and Therapy. 22. p. 21-27 Patton Q., Michael. Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods 3rd Edition. California: Sage Publication Inc. p.215-225. Powell D.1995, Engendering Infidelity: Essentialist of Social Constructionist Readings of a Story Completion Task. Feminism and Psychology, p. 345-372. Shaw, J., 2001, Treatment Rational for Internet Infidelity. Journal of Sex Education and Therapy, 22, p. 29-34. Whitty, M. 2004, Cyber Cheating. Counseling and Psychotherapy Journal, Vol. 15 Issue 8, p.38.

Reflection on Sona

I have heard pretty much more or less about 10 State of the Nation Addresses by many presidents. They all have told pretty much the same common and general thing, that they being the president of the country for this year have done so much to help the Philippines. With investments coming in, roads and buildings constructed, health, education and insurance growths. Believe me when I say I have heard it all. Pnoy’s SONA is pretty much the same things I have heard other presidents say. They boast numerous and countless achievements in their term but still I have never yet to hear a truthful lay down of the Philippines in pretty much every SONA.For once in my lifetime I really want a president to say where and what the Philippines is at. A person can already know what the President saying is false by taking a look around you. For my experience, I still see majority of the population below the poverty line. I see 10 to 15 year old infrastructure begging the people to improve it. I still see no changes being made. So to say that Pnoy’s SONA is nothing new is a fact and not a mere opinion. What I really would like to hear is a truthful SONA. Something more negative rather than positive. Something that would really describe where the Philippines is at.I know it when I see something fishy and I know it when something is true. Hey, just take a look around you, and you will know 100% if the president is lying or not. The real problem is politics. It is a dirty business. People want to win elections, be the best, and of course want to show their best. Politics is a world so deranged that what all politicians do nowadays, is give free food for everyone in the barangay and they instantly win. Has winning come down to such levels that people really do not care anymore? It is true, that people want to rise from the ranks of poverty, but they should not rely on any politician.They should not rely on the things they hear our president Pnoy say, but in reality, they should rely on themselves. Yes the government and Pnoy is there to help us, but the real problem lies within people. Will the rich ever step down to the poor? Will the poor ever be able to step up to the rich? Its in all these questions that I ask myself, should I really be listening to the SONA when in fact, not specifically, but I know where my country is at. I want real change and not just the words and numbers coming out from our president’s most recent SONA.Real change that I can see when I walk down the alley or the streets. I know my part in this country and I hope that people will realize that a SONA is just words coming out of one person’s mouth. The real state of the nation lies within the hearts and minds of all people living in their country. It lies within the heart and conscience of every person, may it be the rich or the poor. We all have our judgements in society. Let’s just for once, stop judging, and start helping each other out. Only then wil l we be able to see the true changes that will for sure, ratify our country not for the worse, but for the better.

Team Sports and Individual Sports

Learning to play team sports is an important part o f a child’s education. Do you agree or disagree? Practicing sports provides athletes with opportunities to develop their social skills during the academic portion of their life. Nowadays, the effect of practicing on children is very significant in a way they practice individual sport or joining a team. But is learning to play team sports an important part of a child’s academic portion? I personally agree and think that team sports are a much better option for the following reasons:First, there is no better alternative than learning how to be peer helper in your community, especially in a friendly environment. Practicing with a team will create an important relationship between the teammates that will know you and can direct your learning and adapt the pace of the practicing in a way that is more suitable to your capacities. Individual sports don't generally offer this type of flexibility as you don't really interact ph ysically with the others. What you basically have is a set of instructions, by your supervisor, that you have to follow alone.For example, if you have an exercise with a given discipline, when you are being in individual sport all you can do is to do it again and again alone and try to understand. You can maybe make it to succeed during the training but still that doesn't guarantee that you will get it in an official competition. But when you are with a group at your disposal, you can easily ask your mates and they would provide more information on the desired task from other perspectives that would definitely help you to understand better and get the idea.Another reason is that team sport, as opposed to individual sport, fosters the development and sustainability of social relationships between teammates. This is a very important point because learning after all is not only about acquiring information, but it is also about learning to interact with peers, forming social relationshi ps, being socially apt to live in a society of different individuals. Teamwork role is to prepare the members for an outer world, a society where having social skills and being able to form relationships is very critical.Individual sports contribute very little to the development of such a skill, as young athletes will be practicing alone in a very limited context while such skills are acquired through the physical interaction with other peers. If we take the example of a kid who practices with a team and another one who practices alone, we would clearly see differences in their personalities: The â€Å"team† boy would have a more extravert personality while the â€Å"alone† boy would be more introvert.There are no doubts cast on which one of the two boys will perform better in society. For these reasons, I believe that team sports are very important for the academic development of children, rather than individual sports. Even if the academic experience, the amount of information could be the same but team sports teach skills that cannot be guaranteed during a training of an individual sport, skills that are essential in the development of the individual later on in the society.

A Sociological View of Rastafarianism

A Sociological View of Rastafarianism Essay Organized religion is a duality between the religion and the church which represents it. Sometimes the representation of the religion is marred and flawed to those who view it because of the bureaucracy contained within. Unknown to those who gaze upon the dissolved morals and values of what is perceived to be the contradiction known as modern religion, it was never intended to be this way. Most religions started off as a sect, a minor detail on the fringes of the society it never wanted to represent. Rastfarianism is such a sect. The differences between Rastafarianism and a normal mainstream religion are numberless, including: no set membership, no authoritative leader, no offices of authority, no trained clergy and no involvement with the world as a whole. Rastafarianism is based upon an underrepresented minority which needed hope in the face in utter demise. According to Max Weber, religion emerges to satisfy a social need. In treating suffering as a symptom of odiousness in the ey es of gods and as a sign of secret guilt, religion has psychologically met a very general need (Weber 271). Rastafarianism emerges in the slums of Kingston, Jamaica in the 1930s to meet the needs of the poor, unskilled black Jamaicans who needed a hope. The social situation which was emerging in the 1930s which called for this need was as follows. Jamaica was a commonwealth of the British Empire. It had recently, around 1884, received a write in clause to their constitution which stipulated if the new government did not succeed and the economic life of Jamaica were to suffer because of it, the political constitution would be amended or abolished to meet new conditions. Black Jamaicans had a taste for power in their mouths and in 1938, this erupted in labor riots and violence. This act did nothing for their cause. It would still be 30 years until Jamaica received its independence. Blacks in Jamaica were the victims of social stratification which left them at the bottom rung of the la dder. They had menial jobs such as field worker or an attendant at the sugar plant, if they had jobs at all. The blacks were suffering as a people and as an organized group. Ethopianism had been introduced to Jamaica in 1784 by George Liele, by adding it to the name of his Baptist church, hoping to graft itself onto the African religion of Jamaican slaves. But the movement to embody the Ethiopian ideology par excellence was the Back to Africa movement of Marcus Garvey (Barret 76). He saw African civilization as anterior to all others and used bible verses which were easily interpretable to portray Africans as the chosen people mentioned in the bible, as in Psalm 68: Princes shall come out if Egypt and Ethiopia shall stretch forth his hands onto God (Barret 78). Garveys persistence culminated in the crowning of Ras Tafari as Negus of Ethiopia. He took the name Haile Selassie and added King of Kings and the Lion in the Tribe of Judah, placing himself in the legendary line of King Solo man, and therefore, in the same line as Jesus Christ of Roman Catholicism. Out of this came Rastafarianism which took over Jamaica at a time when it was in a low tide economically and socially. Socially, people experienced the brunt of the Depression as well as disaster due to a devastating hurricane. Politically, colonialism gripped the country and the future of the masses looked hopeless. Any doctrine which that promised a better hope and a better day was ripe for hearing (Barret 84). Weber analyzed conditions such as these as a theodicy of suffering. One can explain suffering and injustice by refrying to individual sin committed in former life, to the guilt of ancestors . . . to the wickedness of all people. As compensatory promised one can refer to hopes of the individual for a better life in the future of this world or to the for the successors, or to a better life in the hereafter (Weber 275). In other words, those who are disadvantaged in a situation (the poor, hopeless, black Jamaicans) will be rewarded. The poor people have a decided advantage in the Rastas view, since they are forced to look into themselves and confront the basic reality of human existence and only there can God be found (Owens 173) Their negative situation will be turned into a positive one (transvaluation) because they are the truly righteous, or so they believed. Rastafarianism was more than a religion to the people of Jamaica, it was a hope. It was their escape from the the rational e veryday world. This theodicy of suffering, in which the underprivileged and underrepresented Jamaicans believed, was compensation for the deplorable state in which they found themselves. The Rastafarian way of living and their everyday activities began as a deviant social behavior, but rather was a routinization of the masses into one cohesive unit, following the same general creed under different principles. This point can be seen most specifically in the modern Rastafarian hairstyles. In traditional Rastafarianism most Rastas do not cut their hair but allow it to grow naturally long matted strands or locks. These locks are in accordance with the Leviticus 21:5: They shall not make baldness upon their head (Johnson-Hill 25). But in todays Rastafarianism, their are men who will not grow facial hair or locks in accordance to their position in the work place and in society, but still believe in the faith of and consider themselves a part of the Rastafarian religion. This process of electing points on a subject in which a followers ideas converge with is called elective affinity, as coined by Max Weber. This elective affinity concerning Rastafarianism was spurred by cha rismatic prophets of the belief system such as Marcus Garvey, Haile Selassie, and Samuel Brown. All of these men preached to the negatively privileged strata which existed in the Jamaican slums and the impoverished Jamaican parishes. The underprivileged strata became a status group in a sociological point of view when they selected Rastafarianism and Haile Selassie as their god. This annunciation and promise led these impoverished blacks into a status group known as Rastafarians. This elective affinity between underprivileged Jamaicans and Rastafarians was seen most directly in a change in diet to follow Kosher food laws, a change in hair style, the use of a different language, and a the use of a holy weed; ganja. These highly visible symbols served as a solidification of a persons elective affinity and a public statement of their beliefs. To become a member of the Rastafarian status group was to embrace the lifestyle and the conceptual livity of a personal relationship with nature, in a pure organic way (Johnson-Hill 25). The Rastafarian lifestyle, at its early core, was based upon responses to social actions cast forth by the Jamaican bureaucracy. These actions exist on the guise of a messianic hope which is generally known as Ethiopia or Africa (Barret 117). The first reaction is aggression, which was exemplified by the social struggles for equality or even acknowledgment by the economically challenged island residents. The second reaction is acceptance. This ambivalence toward the situation is more of a standstill than anything else. The act of accepting ones own unfortunate situation negates the aggression and action of the previous step. This is where the Messianic values began to seep into the Rastafarian watershed. With these people and this clear-cut fashion only among them and under other very particular conditions, the suffering of a peoples community, rather than the suffering of the individual, became the object of hope for religious salvation (Weber 273). Rastafarian men and women began to forget their own individual struggles and rely on the preaching from Haile Selassie to comfort them as a group. Individuality is looked down upon in the Rastafarian religion. The status group or strata will suffer as a whole, not as individual pieces of a puzzle. Every Rastafarian considers himself an authoritative spokesman for Selassie. It is consequently unthinkable that one of the brethren should assume special prerogatives in speaking for the Emperor (Owens 43). READ: Education Starts at Home EssayThe third and final response to social action by Rastafarians is avoidance. This act is predominated by the view that Jamaica is Babylon and Ethiopia is Zion. This metaphor implying hopelessness in Jamaica acts very much, in Marxian terminology, as an opiate. This outlook on everyday life does not produce action, rather it reduces it. Another example of this can be seen economically. The Rastafarians generally represent the lowest segment of the Jamaican social class . . . This level of Jamaican society represents the largest body on unemployed and underemployed and the greatest number of unemployables . . . (Barret 115). This fact is well known among the Rastafarians and it is partially why many are in the religion, acceptance into a social class which is higher than their own. They have mostly given up on employment besides that of home produced items which are pawned to tourists or others within the Rastafarian movement. Their is no motivatio n to produce economically because most of the industry within Jamaica during the early Rastafarian period was controlled by the British land owners. Working for these British men would have been a direct violation of their religious creed; The white person is inferior to the black person (Barret 104) and The Black person is the reincarnation of ancient Israel, who, at the hand of the White person, has been in exile to Jamaica (Barret 104). This ties into Webers Theodicy of Suffering because to suffer economically is to suffer through all aspects of ones life. But, many times, as previously illustrated, an ambivalence to end suffering leaves one still in the same peculiar situation. Without a motive to change, there is not change in a cultures motives. So, the early Rastafarians suffered not from a theodicy of suffering which was merely and only forced upon them by the white Jamaican bureaucracy; but rather a self- imposed and self-induced level of their suffering. This way of viewing Rastafarian all changed as time passed. Social strata are decisive for the development of a religion (Weber 282) and as the social strata which embodies this religion began to change, the religion changed proportionately with it. This can be seen in contrasting the previous three social reactions just stated: aggression, acceptance and avoidance. As the general body of Rastafarianism began to grow old and pass away, so did many of their ideas and rationalitys concerning the religion in which they were a part. These views were handed down to the new, younger members of the Rastafarian religion and updated substantially to concur with the new time period and the new state of Rastafarians in Jamaica. Largely, there is no need for one to use aggression to prove equality in Jamaica. The modern Rastafarian, rather is a symbol of the Jamaican lifestyle and one can almost mistakenly assume all Jamaicans embody the Rastafarian way of thinking and lifestyle. The newly indep endent Jamaica uses aspects of the traditional Rastafarian to promote its tourism industry: such as the reggae music which originally symbolized the suffering of black Jamaicans, the dread locks which represented the I-tal way of organic living and the artifacts and cultural productions of such Rastafarian artisans. Rastafarians no longer accept their status as a constant; an unchanging fact which merely misrepresents them in popular culture. They have began to work on their economic status within the Jamaican community. Rastafarians now occupy enviable positions in Jamaica. There are Rasta physicians, pharmacists, professors, journalists, pilots, teachers . . . to name only a few of their trades and professions (Barret 243). They are willing to educate their children to become productive citizens of the country, which is evident in the formation of Rasta primary and secondary schools and the possibility of a Rasta university within Jamaica. Rastafarians now have control over their own destiny within the scope of mass media and their ultimate portrayal. With the advent of educated and world minded Rastafarians, the Rastafarian movement has proliferated out of Jamaica and into the mainstream of the world, including both the United States and England. The final large change concerning Rastafarians is avoidance. Instead of avoiding the problems in Jamaica and praying for a magical repatriation to Ethiopia, they have first decided to repair the problems which exist in Jamaica before they leave for Zion. This new brethren is focused on change and one way they have decided to accomplish this is through political action. Rastafarians are traditionally apolitical; they do not vote. Their word for politics is politricks, which sums up their perception of the political game (Barret 220). With the election of a pro Rastafarian prime minister, Michael Manley, Rastafarians were encouraged to use their constitutional rights and vote. There is no way of telling how many Rastafarians voted or continue to vote, but their role in Jamaican culture requires them to be addressed and noticed. The act of being spoken to and about in a public forum is just aspect in which indirectly they have traversed out of the avoidance stage. Rastafarians also no l onger avoid the media. Rather, they embrace it and use it to their advantage. This is evident is the many quotes and passages contained within Leonard Barrets book and the relative ease of access he obtained many on these passages. The Rastafarian culture is moving toward the future, and as Weber stated, changing with the social strata, which is changing with the times. It can then be inferred Rastafarianism is a constantly updated and evolving entity, modernizing as the world does so as well. But this evolving modern entity did not always keeps its modernity defined. Many of the actions of Rastafarianism worked against modernity and favored a complete stand still in all actions of life. In effect, the pain of the poor black Jamaica strata directly led into a form of ambivalence which militated against social and economic change; in essence, the status group of Rastafarians and their beliefs acted as an opiate against socioeconomic change. Religion is the opium of the people (Marx 54). This opium like quality leads directly into a state of false consciousness, which ties in directly with Webers theodicy of suffering. Both of these militate against socieconomic change by giving a check of approval to a negative situation. In this way, Marx and Weber are showing the flaws in the Rastafarian system. The inherent flaw of giving false hope or false consciousness to a people based on a system (Rastafarian) which at its base complies with stagnant situations and life styles. At t he same time, Marxism can be interpreted as a direct conflict with itself. The Rastafarian movement occupies not only an opiate status, but a status of opposition as well. The Rastafarian movement was founded originally as an opposition to the bureaucratic ways of the ruling class. The religion modeled greatly an American democratic way of thinking: by the people for the people. The people are the underrepresented and under appreciated blacks of Jamaica. In comparison with a Weberian sociological thought process, they both agree upon Rastafarian as basically an evolution. This plays more into Marxs favor because of the direct correlation between themselves. Like the Rastafarian evolution, in which they retreated on many of their former beliefs and creeds, Marx also did the same according to the time he was writing in. So, a direct comparison can be made through the evolution of Marx and Rastafarianism; both occur because of the rise of modernity and culture around them, directly eff ecting the person or group in question. READ: Theories on and Analysis of Information Management in KFCMarx and Weber also collide in beliefs on the idea of theodicy of suffering. Weber believed religion emerges to fulfill a social need. The poor, black, Jamaicans needed hope, and with their economic status, suffering was a major part. Taken on a face value then, the Jamaican culture can be divided into two distinct classes: theodicy of suffering and theodicy of good fortune. The former group, those who indirectly believe in a theodicy of suffering, are alienated from the latter group. Within the suffering group, there is alienation among members due to separation from product. The product, in this case, is their religion. Now all of the members of the Rastafarian status group belong to Rastafarianism as a whole, but there are sects within the sect, which are different from each other. For an example, the emergence of the uptown Rasta which differs in belief system from Rastafarianism as a whole. The alienation comes in the fact that the people, not as one unified group, but as a large organization of individuals are single entities and none speak for the religion. Criticism of this can be found in a previously mentioned Joseph Owens quote (see page four, first paragraph). Although each member is a spokesman for Selassie, is unthinkable to assume each member of the brethren might have something different to say? This leads to alienation among those within the same sect. The previously stated belief contrasts with a Weberian point of view as well. In a Marxian view of thought, the poor should try to revolt against their ruling bureaucracy. This appropriation is further determined by the manner in which it must be effected. It can only be effected through a union, which by the character of the proletariat itself can again only be a universal one, and through a revolution . . . (Marx 192). There is a flaw under the question: how can a society revolt through Marxism and still be prone against change, an opiate in Marxian view, to their own standing within the community? Karl Marx would see this as a complete oxymoron. Rastafarianism should benefit the social group, not allow it to stop progression and merely graze the lips of those who chose it, giving them a short and unsatisfying taste of what is available to them. This yearning for more should lead the people into a full economic and political revolt against this bourgeoisie. While relatively similar to a Marxian point of view, Durkheimian sociology sees Rastafarianism as a social entity. This religion was originally associated as Jamaican poor and the term Rasta and poor, black Jamaican could be used interchangeable. And with this association, Rastafarianism emerged to regulate the desires of the Jamaican poor. It brought about a solidarity among the lowest status class which served as a jumping point into embracing their situations. Thus, the religion is inseparable from the groups which contain it. This occupies the ideas of Weber in that if the religion is inseparable from the groups which contain it, then, the religion will indirectly evolve as the group evolves. This basically complies with the Weberian point of view that religious beliefs change along with the strata which embody them. Also, if Rastafarianism is a social entity, it therefore must have risen out of the need for a social set of values, complying with the Weberian ideal of religion em erging to satisfy a social need. This Durkheimian point of view also crosses paths with the views of Karl Marx. If religion brings about solidarity among a status group which happens to be underprivileged, revolution is a possible following steps. One person may revolt, but one needs masses along the same ideals to successfully revolt. By integrating society, one brings the society or group on the same consciousness, although it may be a false consciousness. No matter rational or irrational, the motives exist and can be accomplished with aid of a charismatic prophet, in this case, Marcus Garvey or Samuel Brown. To update this idea, there is a popular t-shirt which states Never underestimate stupid people in large groups. The same could be applied to a Marxian and Durkheimian point of view. Their t-shirt might say Never underestimate the power of alienated oppressed on the same intellectual level.Durkheim and Weber do disagree on some levels. One of them being the role of individuality within religion. A Durkheimian point of view toward individuality could not characterize the Rastafarian movement because it believes one should embrace all the exists, but do not include each other. This directly violates the Rastafarians belief in an I-n-I mentality. This implies a three-fold relationship between any individual self, Jah God, and other selves (Johnson-Hill 23). Max Weber sees religion as a unification of a people, which is evident in his distinction between strata and status. Rastafarianism is a status group, individuality is left behind at the strata before seemingly advancing into a higher level of consciousness, complete with its own symbols, language and customs, especially marijuana usage. Although the beliefs of a religion change, the essence of the religion does not. This is supported by Weber with the idea that changes in a decisive stratum lead to a change of beliefs. This is opposed by Durkheim stating a religion as a whole has lasted because it performs a social function; it integrat es those involved within it. The falsity is what people believe. So, if people change, the religion changes with the people, not necessarily minor beliefs within it. It is a cycle which includes the transfer of old gods to new gods, completely changing the religion with society. Rastafarianism has not faded away, and in fact has spread its brethren among many areas of the world. The Rastafarian movement is no longer a mere revolutionary movement; it has become a part of the establishment, a part of officialdom (Barret 245). Rastafarianism may have started on the fringes of Jamaican society, but it now a representation of what it considered hell. In terms of an outsider, Jamaica is no longer Babylon, it is now Rastafaria, a step on the way to utopian Zion. Rastafarianism is now an integration of all of Jamaican society rather that just one social strata. Its changes have moved along with the changes of Jamaica as a nation. The people of Jamaica are interchangeable with Rastafarianism. It is ironic which a group so hating of their own environment would become such a force as to represent it to the world. Rastafarianism is truly by the people, for the people.

Bibliography for Ayuba Suleiman Diallo Annotated

For Ayuba Suleiman Diallo - Annotated Bibliography Example being sold accidentally as a slave and undergoing harsh treatments as a slave, Ayuba finally found his way back home having made friends with many prominent people in England. His account provides insight information of how life was during the eighteenth century in America. 1. Bluett, Thomas. Some Memoirs of the Life of Job: The Son of Solomon the High Priest of Boonda in Africa; who was a Slave about Two Years in Maryland; and Afterwards Being Brought to England, was Set Free, and Sent to His Native Land in the Year 1734. By Thomas Bluett,...Vol. 9. Richard Ford, 1734. This is a description of the life of Ayuba Suleiman Diallo by Thomas Bluett. Bluett was later involved in Ayuba’s life. He was also responsible for his freedom. This is the main source of information about Ayuba Suleiman giving detailed accounts of Ayuba. What lead exactly to his capture and release after two years of hardship in Maryland. This article gives an account of Ayuba’s life. How he was captured in Gambia River, taken to Maryland as a slave for about two years. He was a slave till he finally ended up in England, was set free and sent to his native land. William Piersen gives an account of Africans who appeared at the English Court. Among these Africans, was Job Ben Solomon, who was highly celebrated. Ayuba dined with the royal family and other prominent people in the English Society. In fact, he was well recognised by them that they rewarded him with an expensive present before leaving for his native land. This is an account of Ayuba Suleiman’s rise to popularity while in England. His struggles and successes are narrated in this book. Struggles like working a tobacco firm where he experienced difficulties working since he wasn’t used to such hard labor and successes like meeting Her Majesty, the Queen of England who gave him a gold watch as a present. In this book, Douglas also writes a detailed life of Ayuba as according to Bluett Memoir. He tells of how Ayuba was captured,

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