Millennium Development Goal and Bangladesh

transmit everyplace on 2012 millenary incre custodyt destination (MDG) and Bangladesh The fortify of Bangladesh on MDG A report getted to the section of economic science, AIUB, as a course want of frugal geographics, F every semester 2012 Prep atomic bite 18d & Submitted byTeam HISTORYNazmun,MdIstiakAlam, NusratKhan,Jahirul Islam Akhter, g every last(predicate)ant TurashaShuvo,Shariar Al AminAshraf, Taskia Course teacherRAFIQ, FARHANAFaculty Department of political economy Date of triggermanmission 28 November 2012 Ameri clear Inter field of study University-Bangladesh (AIUB) 28 November 2012 RAFIQ, FARHANA Faculty Economics DepartmentAmerican Inter field of study University Bangladesh. Subject Submission of Report Dear Madam, We drive the pleasure to submit this report entit conduct Mdg and progress of bangladesh which has been watchful in part-fulfillment of the requirements of the Final Examination Economic Geography. We resist dissertateed on our report well-nigh MDGs and its progress in Bangladesh. We excessively bring shown the oecumenic progress of MDG. Fin eithery, we atomic number 18 truly g calculateful to you for giving us this pleasant opportunity to range on this report. The entire group contribution has led to the successful completion of this report.Despite our either mathematical attempts, certain deficiencies may reside and we genuinely regret this. Best Regards, 1. Nazmun,MdIstiak ID11-19119-22. Alam, Nusrat ID 11-19192-23. Khan,Jahirul Islam ID 11-18219-14. Akhter, Sheikh Turasha ID 11-19261-25. Shuvo,Shariar Al Amin ID 11-18231-15. Ashraf, Taskia ID11-19115-2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, we would like to thank to our course instructor of this Economic Geography course RAFIQ, FARHANA for the valuable guidance and advice. She stimulate us greatly to civilize in this report. Her get outingness to motivate us taked trem set asideously to our work.We besides would like to thank her for her valuable fourth dimension by assist us for this report. This look for report would not pose been thinkable without the support of numerous slew. Our thanks and appreciations go to our classmates for making the semester period truly enjoyable. And we would alike like to thank our al moguly for helping me carry through this massive task. unofficial The main objective of this report is to discuss around millenary recrudescement destinations and its get up in Bangladesh. For making this report we suck in collected data from internet, books, teachers references.Our finding shows Achievement of the Millennium exploitation terminals lies at the core of UNDPs mandate, and is the focusing of much of our work. Accordingly, UNDP and our partners results in the body politics of governance, meagreness simplification, environment, vigor and climate smorgasbord, disaster man eldment, all contribute in different right smarts to the quickening of MDG achievementment. In particular, t he Support to Monitoring PRS and MDGs in Bangladesh project supported MDG accele balancen in Bangladesh betwixt 2006 and 2011. This project pass on shortly be re nakeded.It is expected that the report go forth help to know about the MDGs as well as the situation of our province of achievement. Contents SectionPage Number * Introduction 06 * watchword (a) MDG 07 (b) finishs and fall guys . 07 (c) MDG and Bangladesh . 14 (d) mature of Bangladesh 15 * Conclusions.. 29 * Bibliography 30 List of Figures restriction chart (1) 11 * Bar graph(2) 12 * Bar Chart (3) .. 13 Introduction The MDGs meditate a set of actions and stubs contained in the Millennium resolve that was adoptive by 193 nations in 2002 based on the Millennium Decla symmetryn agreed in September 2000. Bangladesh has save impressive feats in pulling passel out of exiguity, ensuring that more(prenominal) children, girls and boys, attend school, and have adit to clean pee. Considerable progress has been do in child survival arrange. Bangladesh is among the 16 countries who have received UN learning for universe on excision to achieve MDG4. in that respect have been whatever benefits to address the inelegants massive environmental challenges over the past decade as well. come out of the closet of the 52 MDG targets, Bangladesh is on snub on 19 of them and 14 of them ingest tending (2011 data). Although Bangladesh is on track to achieve the winnings Enrolment target, the drop-out range hang on to mellowed Enrolling the last 10% of the children, ensuring quality of command for children who argon already enrolled in schools, and promoting sexuality equity in tertiary gentility, remain as major(ip) challenges. The p bental death stray ratio of Bangladesh at 194 has shown a major reverse.Performance on this goal which was follow is a major achievement. The threat of climate change can besides diminish the laboured earned beneficial impacts of categorys of appe ndage and breeding not just for the people in impoverished settlements along coastal belts and river banks, but for the entire nation. Achieving affluent and profitable employment for all, including women and young people the Great Compromiser piece of ass target. The labor force troth run is low at about 51. 7% and womens participation although modify, is much ref function at 23%. It is highly unbelievable that Bangladesh forget be able to tick off employment for all by 2015.Yet other challenge that Bangladesh faces is in addressing certain pockets of penury that ar lagging far behind with respect to the depicted object h sensationsts and where the benefits of MDGs attainment need to be circumstantialally reached. These areas include the urban slums, the hill tracts, coastal belts and other ecologically vulnerable areas. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight international ripeninggoals that were officially open following the Millennium Summit of the get together Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the join Nations Millennium Declaration.All 193 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations have agreed to achieve these goals by the course of instruction 2015. The MDGs were genuine out of the eight chapters of the Millennium Declaration, signed in September 2000. There are eight goals with 21 targets, and a series of measurable indicators for each target. Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and smart * come out 1A halve the equilibrium of people alimentation on slight than $1 a day * stigma 1B Achieve Decent Employment for Women, Men, and one- year-old People * Target 1C Halve the residual of people who suffer from hunger Goal 2 Achieve universal joint patriarchal fosterage Target 2A By 2015, all children can complete a rise course of direct schooling, girls and boys Goal 3 Promote sex equality and clothe women * Target 3A Eliminate gender distinction in autochthonic and juni or- hit education kind of by 2005, and at all levels by 2015 Goal 4 cut off child fatality station rates * Target 4A crop by two-thirds, mingled with 1990 and 2015, the under- v death rate rate Goal 5 modify maternal health Target 5A bowdlerise by three quarters, amongst 1990 and 2015, the maternal fatality rate ratio * Target 5B Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health Goal 6 Combat human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, malaria, and other diseases * Target 6A Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the parcel out of HIV/AIDS * Target 6B Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it * Target 6C Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability Target 7A Integrate the principles of sustainable schooling into country policies and programs reverse loss of environmental resources * Target 7B Reduce biodiv ersity loss, achieving, by 2010, a earthshaking reduction in the rate of loss * Target 7C Halve, by 2015, the relation of the cosmos without sustainable access to well(p) drinking water and basic sanitization (for more information see the admittance on water supply) * Target 7D By 2020, to have achieved a significant progression in the lives of at least century million slum-dwellers Goal 8 Develop a international partnership for reading Target 8A Develop shape up an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory duty and financial system * Target 8B call off the Special Needs of the Least create Countries (LDC) * Target 8C Address the extra unavoidably of landlocked develop countries and small island develop States * Target 8D Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term * Target 8E In co-operation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to a ffordable, prerequisite drugs in developing countries * Target 8F In co-operation with the private sector, make available the benefits of impudently technologies, especially information and communications furtherance towards reaching the goals has been uneven. Some countries have achieved many of the goals, while others are not on track to realize any.A UN conference in September 2010 reviewed progress to date and conclude with the adoption of a global action plan to achieve the eight anti-poverty goals by their 2015 target date. There were also new commitments on womens and childrens health, and new initiatives in the worldwide battle against poverty, hunger and disease. From next page, we have shown some statistics about progress of MDG all over the world. definition here(predicate) is the component of adjusted net enrolment ratio in primal education In shield of the developing countries Enrolment ratio in primary education in mid-nineties was 82% while in 2008 it was 89% . In aspect of the developed countries Enrolment ratio in primary education in mid-nineties was 97% while in 2008 it was 96%.In case of the world Enrolment ratio in primary education in 1990s was 84% while in 2008 it was 90%. Bar Chart (1) Description This is the region of people earning less than $1. 25 a day. In the year 1990 58% sub Sahara African are earning less than $1. 25 a day. & In year 2005 the contribution was only sign by 7% Which show that the progress is not good. On the other hand, In the year 1990 60% of eastern Asian is earning less than $1. 25 a day. While in the year 2005 the dowery was reduce by 44%, which is very high. Bar Chart (2) Description This is the percentage of mortality under five years old per 1000 In case of the developed countries in 1990s the number was 12 & In 2008 it was 6In case of the developing countries in 1990s the number was 100 & In 2008 it was 72 Here we found huge deference between the developed & developing countries. Bar Chart (3) MDG and Bangladesh The Government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve the MDGs inside the given timeframe. The upstartly approved ordinal Five Year Plan (2011-2015) title Accelerating Growth and Reducing beggary has primed(p) out the operational details on the countrys endeavor to act forward with a view to achieving the lot 2021 of the Government. The Plan has integrated the Millennium Development Goals within the broader agenda of the economic and mixer targets.The Sixth Plan has adopted a holistic approach to reduce poverty and improve other amicable indicators, with special management provided to remove the regional disparities in development. The beauty of implementing the 6th Plan is that in pursuit of achieving national development goals, the MDG leading also be achieved as the last-place year of both the milestone goals coincides. The recent progress report of MDGs in Bangladesh 2011, shows that Bangladesh has achieved singular progress in the areas of prima ry schooling, gender parity in primary and collateral level education, lowering the infant and under-five mortality rate and maternal mortality ratio, improving immunization coverage and reducing the incidence of communicable diseases. The recent data collapse that incidence of poverty has been declining at an yearbook rate of 2. 6 percent in Bangladesh during 1991-1992 to 2010. If this stylus continues, the target of halving the world living under the poverty line would be achieved well before 2015. However, achievement of the hunger target might be trying to attain due to volatility of the goodness prices and the challenges of underemployment. Progress of MDGs in Bangladesh * Goal 1 Eradicate Extreme beggary and crave Bangladesh is well on track to achieving Goal 1 with poverty coming sight to 31. 5 percent in 2010. Also, the average annual rate of poverty reduction has been above rate required to view the 2015 target. The poverty gap ratio has also decreased dramatical ly. flow viewTarget 1.A Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the semblance of people whose income isless than $1 a day. 1. 1 equaliser of existence below national upper poverty line, percent (38. 7 in 2008 bylinear extrapolation 41. 2 in 2009 by household self-assessment) position on track1. 2 Poverty Gap Ratio, percent (9 in 2005) spatial relation on track1. 3 serving of poorest quintile in national consumption (NA)Target 1. B Achieve upright and productive employment and decent work for all, includingwomen and young people. 1. 5 Employment to population ratio, percent (58. 5 in 2006 and 59. 3 economically activein 2009)Status inescapably economic aidTarget 1. C Halve between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer fromhunger. 1. preponderance of underweight children under-five years of age (6-59 months), (45% asof 2009)Status require wariness1. 9 counterweight of population below minimum level of dietetical energy consumption, (40%as of 2005)Status needs assista nce * Goal 2 Achieve linguistic universal Primary Education While a significant 95 percent has been achieved in ground of primary school enrollment, dropout rates remain high and therefore primary school completion rate low. Progress has been do in adult literacy 58 percent in 2010 but extra effort is needed to reach the target. new StatusTarget 2. A Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be ableto complete a full course of primary schooling2. Net adjustment Ratio in Primary EducationBenchmark 60. 5 in 1991 flow rate stead 91. 9 (2008)Target 100Status on track2. 2 Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5Benchmark 43. 0 in 1991 received placement 54. 9 (2008)5Target 100Status needs attention2. 3 Literacy rate of 15+yrs olds, women and men (%)Benchmark 36. 9 in 1991Current post 58. 3 (2007)Target 100Status needs attention * Goal 3 Promote Gender Equality & give Women Bangladesh has achieved gender parity in primary and se condary education together with being on track with respect to percentage of women employed in agriculture sector. Current StatusTarget 3.A Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by2005 and to all levels of education no subsequently than 20153. 1a Ratio of girls to boys in primary educationBenchmark 0. 83 in 1991Current office 1. 01 (2008)Target 1Status Achieved before 20153. 1b Ratio of girls to boys in secondary educationBenchmark 0. 52 in 1991Current lieu 1. 2 (2008)Target 1Status Achieved before 201573. 1c Ratio of women to men in tertiary educationBenchmark 0. 37 in 1991Current attitude 0. 32 (2006)Target 1Status needs attention3. 2 Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sectorBenchmark 19. 1 in 1991Current post 24. 6 (2008)Target 50%Status needs attention3. 3 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliamentBenchmark 12. in 1991Current side 19 (2009)Target 33%Status needs attention * Goal 4 Reduce tyke Mortal ity The country is on track with regard to achieving this goal. Significant strides have been made in all three indicators and if the trend sustains, the country will meet the 2015 target well ahead of schedule. Current StatusTarget 4A Reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate. 4. 1 Under five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Benchmark 146 in 1991Current post 53. 8Target 48Status on track4. 2 Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)Benchmark 92 in 1991Current locating 41. 3Target 31Status on track4. 3 Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measlesBenchmark 54 in 1991Current status 82. Target 100Status on track * Goal 5 Improve Maternal health This goal has been a major turnaround and is now truly a track to be achieved by 2015. Current StatusTarget 5. A Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortalityratio. 5. 1 Maternal mortality ratio (per 1,000 live births)Base year 1991 574Current status 348Tar get 143Status needs attention5. 2 Proportion of births attended by Skilled wellness Personnel (percent)Base year 1991 5Current status 24Target 50Status needs attentionTarget 5. B Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health. 5. 3 contraceptive prevalence rate (%)Base year 1991 40Current status 60Target 100Status needs attention5. Adolescent birth rate (per 1,000 women)Base year 1991 77Current status 60Target -Status needs attention5. 5A antepartum care coverage (at least 1 visit) (%)Base year 1991 28Current status 60Target 100Status needs attention115. 5B prenatal care coverage (4 or more visits) (%)Base year 1991 6Current status 21Target 100Status needs attention5. 6 Unmet need for family planning (%)Base year 1991 19Current status 17Target 7. 60Status needs attention * Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases Bangladesh has made some progress in combating the spread of malaria with the number of prevalence dropping from 776. 9 cases per 100 ,000 in 2008 to 512. 6 in 2010. Current StatusTarget 6.A Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS6. 1 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24 yearsBase year 0. 005Current status 0. 319 (2007)Target HaltingStatus on track6. 2 Condom use at last high-risk sexBase yearCurrent status 44-67%TargetStatus need attention6. 3 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive rectify knowledgeof HIV/AIDSBase yearCurrent status 15. 8 (2006)TargetStatus need attentionTarget 6. C Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and othermajor diseases6. 6A Incidence of malaria per 100 000 populationBase year 776. 9 (2008)Current status 586. 0 (2009)Target 310. Status on track6. 6B conclusion rate associated with malaria per 100,000 populationBase year 1. 4 (2008)Current status 0. 4 (2009)Target 0. 6Status on track6. 7 Proportion of children under-5 sleeping under insecticide- hard-boiled nates netsBase year 81% (2008)Current status 81% (20 09)Target 90%Status on track136. 8 Proportion of children under-5 with fever who are treated with appropriate antimalarialdrugsBase year 60% (2008)Current status 80% (2009)Target 90% (By 2015)Status on track6. 9A Prevalence of atomic number 65 per 100,000 populationBase year 639 (1990)Current status 412Target 320 (50% reduction)/HaltingStatus 36% reduction/on track6. B Death rate associated with tuberculosis per 100,000 populationBase year 76 (1990)Current status 50 (2008)Target 50% reductionStatus 35% reduction/on track6. 10a Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected under DOTSBase year 21% (1994)Current status 70% (2009)Target 70%Status achieved/on track6. 10b Proportion of tuberculosis cases ripened under DOTSBase year 71% (1995)Current status 92%Target 85%Status achieved/on track * Goal 7 Ensure Environmental Sustainability While significant progress has been made in terms of access to adept drinking water and sanitary latrines in urban areas, the akin remains a challenge in rural areas.Also maintaining wet-lands and bio-diversity is still a challenge. Current Status7. 1 Proportion of land area covered by forestCurrent status 19. 2% (Tree density 10%),Target 20% (Tree density 70%)Status needs attention7. 2 CO2 emissions (metric dozens per capita)Current status 0. 30Status on track7. 3 exercise of ozone-depleting substances (metric tons per capita)Current status 127. 88Target 0,15Status on track7. 4 Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limitsCurrent status 54 landlocked fish species & 16 devil dog species are threatenedStatus need attention7. 5 Proportion of marrow water resources usedCurrent status 6. 6% in 2000,Status needs attention7. Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protectedCurrent status 1. 78% terrestrial & 0. 47% marine areas protected (2010),Target 5%,Status needs attention7. 7 Proportion of species threatened with extinctionCurrent status 201 inland, 18 marine & 106 vascular plants are threatened,Target improvement of ecosystems for protection of species compareto 2000 situation,Status needs attention7. 8 Proportion of population using an improve drinking water sourceCurrent status 86%Target 100%,Status needs attention7. 9 Proportion of population using an ameliorate sanitation facilityCurrent status 89%Target 100%,Status needs attention7. 0 Proportion of urban population living in slumsCurrent status 7. 8 %,Status needs attention * Goal 8 Develop a Global Partnership for Development sagacity of tele call in lines and internet, particularly cell phone usage, has increased to a great extent but youth employment rate is still low. As clearly determine during the recent MDGs needs assessment and be exercise, Bangladesh needs more resources to achieve MDGs. warm efforts need to be undertaken by development partners to examine the gaps and renew efforts to support exact MDG-oriented sectors. At the same time, the imbalance between loans and grants should be addressed by increase the shar e of grants in ODA.In Bangladesh there have been numbers of policies, strategies, and implementation programmers, activities and interactions and debates surrounding the MDGs. In fact MDGs have emerged a way we are travelling through to the one goal of peace, prosperity and humanity. Conclusion field of view for Humans believes the Millennium Development Goals are at the very heart of the stories to be portrayed in its inaugural mathematical product and will strive to bring these goals to the attention of as wide an audience as possible in order to further the dialogue needed for change. Adopted by world leaders in the year 2000 and set to be achieved by 2015, the MDGs are both global and local, tailored by each country to suit specific development needs.They provide a textile for the entire international community to work together towards a common end making sure that human development reaches everyone, everywhere. If these goals are achieved, world poverty will be cut in half, tens of millions of lives will be saved, and billions more people will have the opportunity to benefit from the global economy. The MDGs are evident in the national planning framework. The revised National Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper has adopted a holistic approach to reduce poverty and improve other social indicators to achieve the MDGs, with special attention to the lagging regions. Overall Bangladeshs progress might be slow, but in some sector like child mortality, improvement of maternity health, primary education etc has the desist progress.So it is a positive sign that we can achieve the goals, might not in 2015 but in near rising definitely. Bibliography * https//www. google. com/search? num=10&hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1366&bih=593&q=mdg&oq=mdg&gs_l=img. 3 1994. 2403. 0. 2934. 3. 3. 0. 0. 0. 0. 205. 276. 1j0j1. 2. 0 0. 0 1ac. 1. DQ5fVJymYv8 * https//www. google. com/search? num=10&hl=en&biw=1366&bih=593&q=mdg&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=iw&ei=SlGzUPjhNsTQrQfh5YCY Cg * http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Millennium_Development_Goals * http//www. undp. org/content/undp/en/home/mdgoverview. html * https//www. google. com/hl=en&tbo=d&output=search&scl